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Lesson 4
"Good words are worth much and cost little." George Herbert
"واژه های خوب ارزش زیاد و قیمت کمی دارند." جورح هربرت
Words to Learn This Week
کلمات برای یادگیری دراین هفته
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vapor |
dense |
theory |
enormous |
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eliminate |
utilize |
descend |
predict |
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villain |
humid |
circulate |
vanish |
1.vapor: (n.) moisture in the air that can be seen; fog; mist
بخار/ مه
a.Scientists have devised methods for trapping vapor in bottles so they can study its make-up.
دانشمندان برای جمع کردن بخار در بطری روش هایی ابداع کرده اند تا بتوانند ساختار آن را بررسی کنند.
b.He has gathered date on the amount of vapor rising from the swamp.
او اطلاعاتی در مورد میزان بخاری که از باتلاق متصاعد میشود، گردآوری کرده است.
c.A vapor trail is the visible stream of moisture left by the engines of a jet flying at high altitudes.
مسیر عبور بخار، جریان قابل رؤیت رطوبتی است که از موتورهای جتی که در ارتفاع های بالا پرواز میکنند بجا میماند.
2.eliminate: (v.) get rid of; remove; omit
از بین بردن/ برطرف کردن/ رفع کردن/ حذف کرن/ کنارگذاشتن/ از قلم انداختن
a.When the railroad tracks are raised, the danger of crossing will be eliminated.
زمانی که خطوط آهن بالا کشیده شوند، خطر عبور از آنها از بین خواهد رفت.
b.When figuring the cost of a car, eliminate such extras as air conditioning.
هنگام محاسبه هزینه خودرو، لوازم یدکی از قبیل تهویه مطبوع را از قلم نیندازید.
c.If we were to eliminate all reclining chairs, no one would fall asleep while watching television.
اگر قرار بود تمام صندلی های با پشتی متحرک را کنار بگذاریم، هیچ کس هنگام تماشای تلویزیون به خواب نمیرفت.
3.villain:(n.) a very wicked person
آدم شرور، شر/ مجرم، جنایتکار/ شخصیت منفی (در فیلم و داستان)
a.A typical moving picture villain gets killed at the end.
یک شخصیت منفی معمولی در فیلم سینمایی، انتهای فیلم کشته میشود.
b.The villain concealed the corpse in the cellar.
جنایتکار جسد را در زیرزمین مخفی کرد.
c.When the villain fell down the well, everyone lived happily ever after.
4.dense: (adj.) closely packed together; thick
a.The dense leaves on the trees let in a minimum of sunlight.
b.We couldn't row because of the dense weeds in the lake.
c.His keen knife cut through the dense jungle.
5.utilize: (v.) make use of
a.No one seems willing to utilize this vacant house.
b.The gardener was eager to utilize different flowers and blend them in order to beatify the border.
c.Dose your mother utilize leftovers in her cooking?
6.humid: (adj.) moist; damp
a.It was so humid in our classroom that we wised the school would by an air conditioner.
b.New Yorkers usually complain in the summer of the humid air.
c.Most people believe that ocean air is quite humid.
7.theory: (n.) explanation based on thought, observation, reasoning
a.Einstein's theory is really too difficult for the average person to understand.
b.My uncle has a theory about the effect of weather on baseball batters.
c.No one has advanced a theory explaining the beginnings of writing.
8.descend: (v.) go or come down from a higher place to a lower level
a.If we let the air out of a balloon, it will have to descend.
b.The pilot, thinking his plane was in peril, descended quickly.
c.Knowing her beau was waiting at the bottom of the staircase, Eleanor descender at once.
9.circulate: (v.) go around; go from place or person to person
a.A fan may circulate the air in summer, but it doesn't cool it.
b.My father circulated among the guests at the party and made them feel comfortable
c.Hot water circulates through the pipes in the building, keeping the room warm.
10.enormous: (adj.) extremely large; huge
a.The enormous crab moved across the ocean floor in search of food.
b.Public hangings once drew enormous crowds.
c.The gallant knight drew his sword and killed the enormous dragon.
11.predict: (v.) tell beforehand
a.Weathermen can predict the weather correctly most of the time.
b.Who cam predict the winner of the Superbowl this year?
c.Laura thought she could predict what I would do, but she was wrong.
12.vanish: (v.) disappear; disappear suddenly
a.Even in California the sun will sometimes vanish behind a cloud.
b.Not even a powerful witch can make a jealous lover vanish.
c.Give him a week without a job and all his money will vanish.
Read the following story to see how words are used in it.
A Fan in the Air
Fog. tiny droplets of water vapor, is the villain of the airports. In an effort to eliminate dense fog from airports, weathermen utilize giant fans, nylon string, and chemicals dropped from planes or shot upwards from strange machine on the ground. Nothing works as well, though, as a new weapon in the fight against fog: the helicopter. Researchers believe that if warm dry air above the fog could somehow be driven down into the humid blanket of fog, the droplets would evaporate, thus clearing the air. In a recent experiment to test their theory the researchers had a helicopter descend into the fog above barely visible Smith Mountain Airport near Roanoke, Virginia. The blades of the helicopter caused the air to circulate downwards and an enormous hole in the cloud opened above the airport. Weathermen predict that with larger, more expensive helicopters they will be able to make the thickest fog vanish.
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